Introduction

Infertility is a growing concern among couples trying to conceive. Understanding the reasons behind infertility can help in seeking the right medical intervention.

This article explores the common causes of infertility in both men and women, along with expert advice on when to consult a fertility specialist.

Causes of Infertility in Women

1. Ovulation Disorders

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal imbalance that affects ovulation.
• Thyroid Issues: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can impact ovulation.
• Premature Ovarian Failure: A condition where the ovaries stop functioning before age 40.
• Excessive Physical or Emotional Stress: Can disrupt hormone levels and menstrual cycles.

2. Blocked Fallopian Tubes

Did You Know? Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes can prevent sperm from meeting the egg. Studies suggest that tubal factor infertility accounts for approximately 25-35% of female infertility cases.

Common causes include:

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• Endometriosis: The presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
• Previous Surgeries: Such as C-sections or ectopic pregnancy removal.

3. Uterine or Cervical Issues

• Fibroids and Polyps: Can interfere with implantation.
• Congenital Abnormalities: Some women are born with uterine abnormalities that affect fertility.
• Cervical Mucus Problems: Thick or hostile mucus can hinder sperm movement.

Causes of Infertility in Men

1. Low Sperm Count and Motility

Did You Know? Recent studies indicate a decline in sperm concentration by over 50% in the last 40 years, possibly due to environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors. 

Low sperm count or poor motility can be caused by:

• Varicocele: Swelling of the veins in the testicles that affects sperm production.
• Infections: Such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
• Lifestyle Factors: Excessive alcohol, smoking, and drug use.

2. Hormonal Imbalances

• Low Testosterone Levels: Can impact sperm production.
• Pituitary Disorders: Can affect hormone secretion necessary for sperm production.
• Chronic Medical Conditions: Diabetes and other metabolic diseases can interfere with fertility.

3. Structural Issues

• Blockages in the Vas Deferens: Prevent sperm from being ejaculated.
• Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Can result from physical or psychological factors.
• Genetic Disorders: Conditions like Klinefelter syndrome can cause infertility.

Did You Know?

• 1 in 6 couples experiences infertility issues globally.
• While women are born with a finite number of eggs, emerging research suggests some ovarian stem cells may produce new eggs, though further studies are needed.
• Male infertility contributes to 40-50% of all infertility cases, often alongside female factors.
• Obesity may affect fertility in both men and women by altering hormone levels, but its impact varies based on overall health.

Conclusion

Understanding the causes of infertility is the first step toward finding the right treatment. Whether it’s due to ovulation disorders, sperm abnormalities, or lifestyle factors, expert care at Best Fertility Hospital Chennai can make a significant difference. 

Take the first step today! Visit Pearl Singapore Fertility Centre – Fertility Centre in Chennai for expert guidance and personalized fertility treatments.